Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a group of painful disorders of muscles, tendons, and nerves that can result from frequent and repetitive work activities, awkward postures, forceful movements, vibration, temperature, and psychosocial factors. Some examples of WMSDs are carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, thoracic outlet syndrome, and tension neck syndrome.
One of the risk factors for WMSDs is vibration, especially hand-arm vibration, which occurs when workers use powered hand tools such as drills, saws, grinders, and jackhammers. Vibration can cause damage to the blood vessels, nerves, and tissues of the hand and arm, leading to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, pain, loss of grip strength, and white fingers.
Cold weather can worsen the effects of vibration on the hand and arm by reducing blood flow and increasing muscle tension. Cold weather can also make workers wear gloves that are too tight or too thick, which can impair their dexterity and increase the force they need to apply to the tools. Moreover, cold weather can affect workers’ perception of vibration and pain, making them less aware of the potential harm they are causing to their body.
According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), some of the preventive measures that workers can take to reduce the risk of vibration-related WMSDs in cold weather are:
- Use tools that have low vibration levels and are designed to fit the hand comfortably.
- Use anti-vibration gloves that are appropriate for the temperature and the task.
- Keep the hands warm by wearing layers of clothing, using hand warmers, or taking breaks in heated areas.
- Avoid smoking or drinking caffeine before or during work, as they can constrict blood vessels.
- Limit the duration and intensity of exposure to vibration by alternating tasks, using different tools, or sharing the work with others.
- Maintain good posture and avoid awkward positions that can strain the neck, shoulder, and back muscles.
- Exercise the hands and arms regularly to improve blood circulation and flexibility.
- Report any signs or symptoms of WMSDs to a supervisor or a health professional.
Conclusion
Vibration-related WMSDs are a serious occupational health problem that can affect workers’ quality of life and productivity. Cold weather can aggravate these disorders by affecting the blood flow and nerve function of the hand and arm. Workers who use vibrating tools in cold environments should be aware of the risks and take preventive actions to protect their health. Employers should also provide adequate training, equipment, and supervision to ensure a safe and ergonomic work environment.
